every day idioms

*Everyday Idioms* 

Use these idioms in your own sentences. 

A grey area – Something unclear

A rip-off – Too expensive

Add fuel to the fire – To add more to an existing problem

As easy as ABC – Something is very easy

Call it a day – Time to quit

Cool as a cucumber – To be very calm under stress

Crack a book – Open up a book and study

Down to the wire – At the last minute

Draw a blank – Can’t remember

Fill in the blanks – Provide more information

Get a kick out of it – Really enjoy/like something

Get your act together – Behave properly

Give it a shot – To try to do something

Have mixed feelings – Be unsure of how you feel

Have second thoughts – Have doubts

In hot water – Be in trouble

In the same boat – Be in the same situation

It’s in the bag – It’s a certainty

I've got your number – To say you can't be fooled by someone since you have them figured out

Miss the boat – You missed your chance

Mumbo jumbo – To call something total nonsense

Out of the blue – With no warning

Pass with flying colors – To succeed at something easily

Piece of cake – Something very easy

Read between the lines – Find the hidden meaning

Second to none – The best

The icing on the cake – Something additional that turns good into great 

*Body Part Idioms* 

Cross your fingers – For good luck

Fell on deaf ears – People wouldn't listen to something

Get cold feet – Be nervous

Giving the cold shoulder – Ignore someone

Have a change of heart – Changed your mind

I’m all ears – You have my full attention

It cost an arm and a leg – It was expensive

Play it by ear – Improvise

See eye to eye – Agree

Slipped my mind – I forgot

Speak your mind – Say what you really feel

Thanks see next

*Animal Idioms* 

A bull in a china shop - Someone who is very clumsy

A little birdie told me - Someone told me a secret

Bee in her bonnet - She is upset

Birdbrain - Someone who is not very smart

Busy as a bee – To be very active and working hard at something

Cat got your tongue? - Why aren’t you talking?

Cry crocodile tears - To pretend to be upset

Curiosity killed the cat - Asking too many questions may get you in trouble

Different kettle of fish - Something completely different

Doggy bag - A bag to take home leftovers from a restaurant

Fish out of water - Being somewhere you don’t belong

For the birds - Something that is not worth anything

Get off your high horse - Quit thinking you are better than others

Goose is cooked - Now you’re in trouble

Hold your horses - Wait a minute

Horse of a different color - Something that is quite different, a separate issue

Hot dog - A person doing athletic stunts that are dangerous

Let the cat out of the bag - Tell a secret

Make a mountain out of a molehill - Make something unimportant into a big deal

Night owl - Someone who stays up late

Pig out - To eat a lot

Put a bug in his ear - Make a suggestion

Raining cats and dogs - It is raining very hard

Snail's pace – To move extremely slow

Stir a hornet's nest – To cause a lot of trouble

Teacher's pet – The teacher's favorite student

The world is your oyster – You can achieve whatever/go wherever you want

When pigs fly - To say something is impossible

Wolf in sheep’s clothing - A person who pretends to be nice but is not

You can't teach an old dog new tricks - It’s harder for older people to learn new thing

See next

Thank you

practice opposite words

1000 Opposite Words in English

about – exactly

above – below

absence – presence

abundance – lack

accept – refuse

accidental – intentional

active – lazy

add – subtract

admit – deny

adult – child

advanced – elementary

affirmative – negative

afraid – brave

after – before

against – for

alike – different

alive – dead

all – none

allow – forbid

already – not yet

always – never

ancient – modern

ancestor – descendant

agree – refuse

 

amateur – professional

amuse – bore

ancestor – descendant

angel – devil

animal – human

annoy – satisfy

answer – ask

answer – question

antonym – synonym

apart – together

approximately – exactly

argue – agree

arrest – free

arrival – departure

arrive – depart

artificial – natural

ascent – descent

ask – answer

asleep – awake

attack – defend

attack – defence

attic – cellar

autumn – spring

awake – asleep

awful – nice

back – in front of

background – foreground

backward – forward

bad – good

bad luck – fortune

beauty – ugliness

before – after

begin – end

beginning – end

behind – in front of

below – above

best – worst

 

better – worse

beautiful – ugly

big – small

birth – death

bitter – sweet

black – white

blunt – sharp

body – soul

bore – amuse

boring – exciting

borrow – lend

bottom – top

boy – girl

brave – cowardly

break – fix

broad – narrow

brother – sister

build – destroy

busy – lazy

buy – sell

calm – excited

careful – careless

careless – careful

catch – miss

ceiling – floor

cellar – attic

centre – outskirts

certainly – probably

changeable – constant

cheap – expensive

child – adult

children – parents

clean – dirty

clear – cloudy

clever – stupid

close – open

closed – open

cloudy – clear

cold – hot

cold – heat

come – go

comedy – drama

complicated – simple

compliment – insult

compulsory – voluntary

connect – separate

consonant – vowel

constant – changeable

construction – destruction

continue – interrupt

cool – warm

correct – wrong

courage – fear

courageous – cowardly

cowardly – brave

create – destroy

cruel – human

cry – whisper

cry – laugh

damage – repair

danger – security

dangerous – safe

dark – light

daughter – son

dawn – dusk

day – night

dead – alive

death – birth

deep – shallow

defeat – victory

defence – attack

defend – attack

delicious – awful

deny – admit

depart – arrive

departure – arrival

descendant – ancestor

descent – ascent

desperate – hopeful

destroy – build

destruction – construction

devil – angel

dictatorship – republic

die – live

different – alike

difficult – easy

dirty – clean

disease – health

distant – near

divide – unite

division – unity

divorce – marry

divorce – marriage

divorced – married

domestic – foreign

down – up

downstairs – upstairs

drama – comedy

dry – humid

dull – interesting

dusk – dawn

early – late

east – west

easy – difficult

elementary – advanced

emigrate – immigrate

emigration – immigration

empty – full

end – begin

end – beginning

ending – beginning

enemy – friend

enjoy – hate

enter – leave

entrance – exit

equal – different

even – odd

evening – morning

everybody – nobody

everything – nothing

exactly – approximately

excited – calm

exciting – boring

exclude – include

exit – entrance

expensive – cheap

export – import

exposure – shelter

extreme – moderate

fail – succeed

failure – success

false – true

far – near

fast – slow

fat – slim

fear – courage

female – male

few – many

final – first

find – lose

finish – begin

finish – start

first – final

fix – break

flat – hilly

floor – ceiling

follow – lead

forbid – allow

for – against

foreground – background

foreign – domestic

foreigner – native

forget – remember

form – destroy

fortune – bad luck

forward – backward

free – arrest

freeze – melt

frequently – occasionally

fresh – old/stale

friend – enemy

front – rear

in front of – back

full – empty

funny – serious

future – past

general – particular

generous – mean

gentle – violent

gentleman – lady

giant – tiny

girl – boy

give – take

go – come

good – bad

grown-up – child

guest – host

guilty – innocent

happiness – sadness

happy – sad

handsome – ugly

hard – easy

harvest – plant

hate – enjoy

health – disease

healthy – ill

heat – cold

heaven – hell

heavy – light

hell – heaven

here – there

high – deep

high – low

hilly – flat

hit – miss

hopeful – desperate

hopeless – hopeful

horizontal – vertical

host – guest

hot – cold

huge – tiny

human – animal

humane – cruel

humid – dry

hungry – thirsty

husband – wife

in front of – back

ignore – notice

ill – healty

immigrate – emigrate

immigration – emigration

import – export

in – out

include – exclude

increase – reduce

innocent – guilty

inside – outside

insult – compliment

intelligent – silly

intentional – accidental

be interested in – bore

interesting – boring

interrupt – continue

junior – senior

kind – cruel

lack – abundance

lady – gentleman

land – take off

land – water

large – small

last – first

late – early

laugh – cry

lazy – active

lead – follow

learn – teach

leave – arrive

left – right

lend – borrow

less – more

let – forbid

lie – stand

life – death

light – dark

light – heavy

like – hate

liquid – solid

little – big

little – much

live – die

long – short

lose – win

loser – winner

loud – quiet

love – hate

lovely – terrible

low – high

lower – raise

bad luck – good luck

good luck – bad luck

major – minor

male – female

man – woman

many – few

marriage – divorce

married – divorced

marry – divorce

master – servant

maximum – minimum

mean – generous

melt – freeze

men – women

mend – break

mess – order

midnight – noon

minimum – maximum

minor – major

miss – hit

miss – catch

moderate – extreme

modern – ancient

monarchy – republic

moon – sun

more – less

morning – evening

mountain – valley

much – little

narrow – broad

nasty – nice

native – foreigner

natural – artificial

near – distant

negative – affirmative

nephew – niece

never – always

new – ancient

nice – awful

niece – nephew

night – day

no – yes

nobody – everybody

noisy – quiet

noon – midnight

none of – al lof

normal – strange

north – south

not yet – already

nothing – everything

notice – ignore

now – then

occasionally – frequently

occupied – vacant

odd – even

off – on

often – seldom

old – modern

on – off

open – closed

open – closed

opponent – supporter

order – mess

ordinary – special

other – same

out – in

outside – inside

outskirts – centre

over – under

parents – children

part – whole

partial – total

particular – general

pass – fail

past – future

peace – war

permit – forbid

plant – harvest

plenty – lack

pleasant – awful

polite – rude

poor – rich

poverty – wealth

powerful – weak

presence – absence

present – past

pretty – ugly

private – public

probably – certainly

professional – amateur

protect – attack

protection – attack

public – private

pull – push

pupil – teacher

push – pull

question – answer

quick – slow

quiet – loud

raise – lower

rainy – sunny

rear – front

receive – send

reduce – increase

refuse – agree

regret – satisfaction

remember – forget

repair – damage

reply – ask

reply – question

republic – dictatorship

rest – work

rich – poor

right – left

right – wrong

rise – sink

rough – gentle

rough – smooth

rude – polite

rural – urban

sad – happy

sadness – happiness

safe – dangerous

safety – danger

salt – sugar

same – different

satisfaction – regret

satisfy – annoy

save – spend

scream – whisper

security – danger

seldom – often

sell – buy

send – receive

senior – junior

separate – connect

serious – funny

servant – master

set free – arrest

shallow – deep

sharp – blunt

shelter – exposure

short – long

shout – whisper

shut – open

sick – healthy

silent – noisy

silly – intelligent

simple – complicated

sink – rise

single – married

sister – brother

sit – stand

slim – fat

slow – fast

small – big

smooth – rough

soft – hard

solid – liquid

some – many

sometimes – often

son – daughter

soul – body

sour – sweet

south – north

special – general

spring – autumn

stand – sit

start – stop

start – finish

stop – start

stand – lie

strange – normal

stranger – native

strict – gentle

strong – weak

student – teacher

stupid – clever

suburb – centre

succeed – fail

success – failure

subtract – add

sugar – salt

summer – winter

sun – moon

sunny – cloudy

supporter – opponent

suspect – trust

sweet – bitter

synonym – antonym

take – give

take off – land

tall – small

teach – learn

teacher – pupil

then – now

terrible – lovely

there – here

thick – thin

thin – thick

thirsty – hungry

throw – catch

tight – loose

tiny – giant

together – apart

tomorrow – yesterday

top – bottom

total – partial

town – village

tragedy – comedy

true – false

trust – suspect

ugliness – beauty

ugly – beautiful

under – over

unite – divide

unity – division

up – down

upstairs – downstairs

urban – rural

useful – useless

useless – useful

vacant – occupied

valley – mountain

vertical – horizontal

victory – defeat

village – town

violent – gentle

visitor – host

voluntary – compulsory

vowel – consonant

war – peace

warm – cool

waste – save

water – land

weak – powerful

wealth – poverty

wealthy – poor

wedding – divorce

well- ill

west – east

wet – dry

whisper – scream

white – black

whole – part

wide – narrow

wife – husband

win – lose

See next 

Thank you

Appreciation of the poem 9 and 10 standard

Read the poem. Write an appreciation of the poem in about 12 to 15 sentences with the help of the following points.

Point

1-Title  - A Teenager's Prayer

2-Poet : J. Morse

3-Rhyme scheme : 

a b cb

4-Favourite line : I can choose to take the road of life, That leads to great success

5-Theme/Central idea: A teenager prays God to lead him and Show the way of success and positivity of

life

6-Figures of speech :Inversion, Apostrophe, Alliteration, metaphor.

7-Special features-

A Teenager's Prayer

I can choose to take the road of life, That leads to great success

A teenager prays God to lead him and Show the way of success and positivity of

life

Inversion, Apostrophe, Alliteration,  is a prayer by a teenger, The teenager s peaks his mind are2 The poet use apostrophe mood for Prayth Grod diinect to connect

Type of the poem, language, style, to lead him. The Choice of SImple words create.

tone, implied meaning etc.

Why I like/dislike the poem

I like the poem because it guider me the way of life It makes me aware of positive negative

Useful to 9 and 10 standard.

Thank you 

See next 

how many kinds of Noun.

Noun:- name of person,place,thing is called as noun.

 1) common noun - same kind of person and things

Ex- city , village,

2) proper noun- A person or a perticular thing.

Ex- Raju, Thane.

3) countable noun- things can be counted

Ex- keys, houses, trees.

4) uncountable noun - things can be counted.

Ex- Milk , Rice , Tea , water.

5) collective noun - A group or things or people.

Ex- team , military ,

6) Abstract noun - things cannot be felt the senses 

Ex- Joy , happy, beauty,

7) concrete noun - things can be touched or seen.

Ex- pen ,bus , car

8) material noun - a material or substance out of which things are made.

Ex- gold , silver , copper.

 Thank you 

See next

How to analyse poem.

How_to_Analyse_A_Poem

1) Read through at least twice. You will have to read a poem multiple times before even attempting to approach it for deeper meanings. Give yourself a chance to thoroughly and fully experience the poem.

2) Is there a title? Don’t forget to take this into consideration. Readers often skip over a poem’s title, which may contain important clues for understanding the piece. Often the title is an introduction that can guide you; for example, Langston Hughes’ “Mother to Son” immediately lets you know who the speaker of the poem is and to whom she is speaking.

3) Stay calm! If there are any unfamiliar words or even a few foreign terms, don’t panic and don’t obsess. On your first read through, just let them go and try instead to focus on the larger meaning of the poem. On the second and subsequent passes, you should then look up those troublesome words or anything else that is problematic for you.

4) Read it aloud. Yes. You must do this. Poems are meant to be heard. Often you will find that places in the poem that gave you trouble on the page suddenly make sense when read out loud. You may feel silly at first, but soon you’ll be comfortable. (Cats and dogs, by the way, make particularly good audiences...though cats tend to be more critical and may leave at a pivotal point in your performance.) Read in your normal voice. Don’t try to sound like Maya Angelou. Unless you are Maya Angelou.

5) Pay attention to punctuation. Most poems use punctuation to help guide the voice of its reader. You need to pay attention because the end of a line is frequently not the end of a sentence. Consider these lines from Robert Frost’s “Birches”:

When I see birches bend to left and right

Across the lines of straighter darker trees,

I like to think some boy’s been swinging in them.

If you stop reading or pause at the end of the first line, it will sound broken and unnatural. If you read smoothly through, pausing briefly at the comma and making a full stop at the period, the poem will have its proper conversational tone.

6) Try paraphrasing. It may be best for you to write in your own words what the poet is saying in each line of the poem. As you work through it, you’ll see which areas you need to concentrate on. But again, avoid the notion that there is “one true meaning.”

7) Who is the speaker? Remember not to confuse the poet with the “speaker” of the poem. More often than not, the speaker is a character, just like in a novel or a play. Determining who the speaker is will help you approach the work more easily.

8) Be open to interpretation. Give it a chance. For example, William Carlos Williams’ poem “The Red Wheelbarrow” is often dismissed as cryptic, confusing, and ultimately unknowable. But being open to the poet’s intentions can lead you to some interesting ideas and questions (in this case, what is important to life?).

9) There are no useless words. Poets select each and every word carefully. None should be dismissed. Images and symbols all have a purpose in the overall meaning of the poem.

10) Don’t expect a definitive reading. Many poems are intentionally open-ended and refuse to resolve their internal tensions. While it is desirable to understand what a poem is saying, remember that there are approaches and interpretations other than your own.

Figure of speech.

*some selected figure of speech*

*Personification*-non living things compared like human beings.

Ex- The tree said

*Simile*-comparison between two things- like, or as......as

Ex- faught like lion, as cold as ice

*Alliteration*-repaeted sound

Ex-  winged weather 

Sound 'w' repeated

*Onomatopoeia*-sound word

Ex- dog barking , boys clapping

*Inversion*-word order changed

Ex- slowly he comes

Main structure- he comes slowly

*Antithesis*-find two opposite words

Ex- he lived and died

*Apostrophe*-are addressed something

Ex- "come,little leaves", said the wind

Leaves- addressed

*Repetition*-words are repeated

Ex- high tidy high tidy

Mathematics calculation with table format.(Marathi)

🎾 1 इंच  = 2.54 सेमी 

यम🎾  1 फूट = 12 इंच ,30 सेमी  

🎾 1मीटर  =100 सेमी, 3.10 सेमी

🎾 1 कि. मी. = 1000 मीटर 

🎾 1 मैल  =  1.6 किलोमीटर 

🏓1 गुंठा = 100 चौ. मी  

🏓 1एकर = 40 गुंठे, 4000चौ.मी.

🏓1 हेक्टर = 100 गुंठे, 2.5 एकर 

🏓1 हेक्टर = 10000 चौ. मी. 

🍇1 डझन = 12 वस्तू / नग 

🍇12 डझन = 1 ग्रोस. 

🍇 1  दस्ता = 24 कागद. 

🍇20 दस्ता  = 1रीम, 480 कागद 

🍇1तोळा =  10 ग्रॅम. 

⏱1तास = 60 मिनिटे 

⏱1मिनिट = 60 सेकंद 

⏱1 तास  = 3600 सेकंद 

⏱1दिवस =24तास, 86400सेकंद 

⏱1 दिवस =24 तास =1440 मि.

🔹Trick

           💻१  ते  १०० संख्यांच्या बेरजा 

 (१)१ ते १० पर्यंत संख्यांची बेरीज -

      १+२+३+४+५+६+७+८+९+१०=५५

(२)११ ते २०पर्यंत संख्यांची बेरीज -

     ११+१२+१३+१४+१५+१६+१७+

     १८+१९+२० = १५५

(३) २१ ते ३० पर्यंत संख्यांची बेरीज -

      २१+२२+२३+२४+२५+२६+२७+

      २८+२९+३० = २५५

(४) ३१ ते ४० पर्यंत संख्यांची बेरीज -

      ३१+३२+३३+३४+३५+३६+३७+

      ३८+३९+४० = ३५५

(५) ४१ ते ५० पर्यंत संख्यांची बेरीज -

     ४१+४२+४३+४४+४५+४६+४७+

     ४८+४९+५० = ४५५

(६) ५१ ते ६० पर्यंत संख्यांची बेरीज -

      ५१+५२+५३+५४+५५+५६+५७+

      ५८+५९+६० = ५५५

(७) ६१ ते ७० पर्यंत संख्यांची बेरीज -

      ६१+६२+६३+६४+६५+६६+६७+

      ६८+६९+७० = ६५५

(८) ७१ ते ८० पर्यंत संख्यांची बेरीज -

      ७१+७२+७३+७४+७५+७६+७७+

      ७८+७९+८० = ७५५

(९) ८१ ते ९० पर्यंत संख्यांची बेरीज -

      ८१+८२+८३+८४+८५+८६+८७+

      ८८+८९+९० = ८५५

(१०) ९१ ते १०० पर्यंत संख्यांची बेरीज -

        ९१+९२+९३+९४+९५+९६+९७+

        ९८+९९+१०० = ९५५

    *************************************

          १ ते १० संख्यांची बेरीज =  ५५

        ११ ते २० संख्यांची बेरीज = १५५

        २१ ते ३० संख्यांची बेरीज = २५५

        ३१ ते ४० संख्यांची बेरीज = ३५५

        ४१ ते ५० संख्यांची बेरीज = ४५५

        ५१ ते ६० संख्यांची बेरीज = ५५५

        ६१ ते ७० संख्यांची बेरीज = ६५५

        ७१ ते ८० संख्यांची बेरीज = ७५५

        ८१ ते ९० संख्यांची बेरीज = ८५५

      ९१ ते १०० संख्यांची बेरीज =९५५

        १ ते १०० संख्यांची बेरीज = ५०५०

?स्कॉलरशिपच्या दृष्टीने थोडक्यात महत्वाचे...*

📚गणित रोमन अंक📚

1 I

2 II

3 III

4 IV

5 V

6 VI

7 VII

8 VIII

9 IX

10 X

11 XI

12 XII

13 XIII

14 XIV

15 XV

16 XVI

17 XVII

18 XVIII

19 XIX

20 XX

21 XXI

22 XXII

23 XXIII

24 XXIV

25 XXV

26 XXVI

27 XXVII

28 XXVIII

29 XXIX

30 XXX

31 XXXI

32 XXXII

33 XXXIII

34 XXXIV

35 XXXV

36 XXXVI

37 XXXVII

38 XXXVIII

39 XXXIX

40 XL

41 XLI

42 XLII

43 XLIII

44 XLIV

45 XLV

46 XLVI

47 XLVII

48 XLVIII

49 XLIX

50 L

51 LI

52 LII

53 LIII

54 LIV

55 LV

56 LVI

57 LVII

58 LVIII

59 LIX

60 LX

61 LXI

62 LXII

63 LXIII

64 LXIV

65 LXV

66 LXVI

67 LXVII

68 LXVIII

69 LXIX

70 LXX

71 LXXI

72 LXXII

73 LXXIII

74 LXXIV

75 LXXV

76 LXXVI

77 LXXVII

78 LXXVIII

79 LXXIX

80 LXXX

81 LXXXI

82 LXXXII

83 LXXXIII

84 LXXXIV

85 LXXXV

86 LXXXVI

87 LXXXVII

88 LXXXVIII

89 LXXXIX

90 XC

91 XCI

92 XCII

93 XCIII

94 XCIV

95 XCV

96 XCVI

97 XCVII

98 XCVIII

99 XCIX

100 C

200 CC

300 CCC

400 CD

500 D

600 DC

700 DCC

800 DCCC

900 CM

1000 M

5000 V

10000 X

50000 L

100000 C

500000 D

1000000 M

Years in roman numerals

Year Roman numeral

1000 M

1100 MC

1200 MCC

1300 MCCC

1400 MCD

1500 MD

1600 MDC

1700 MDCC

1800 MDCCC

1900 MCM

1990 MCMXC

1991 MCMXCI

1992 MCMXCII

1993 MCMXCIII

1994 MCMXCIV

1995 MCMXCV

1996 MCMXCVI

1997 MCMXCVII

1998 MCMXCVIII

1999 MCMXCIX

2000 MM

2001 MMI

2002 MMII

2003 MMIII

2004 MMIV

2005 MMV

2006 MMVI

2007 MMVII

2008 MMVIII

2009 MMIX

2010 MMX

2011 MMXI

2012 MMXII

2013 MMXIII

2014 MMXIV

2015 MMXV

2016 MMXVI

2017 MMXVII

2018 MMXVIII

2019 MMXIX

2020 MMXX

🎯 हसत खेळत गणितीय शिक्षण              

      💎💎💎💎💎💎💎       

                     

(१)    १  मिनिट = ६० सेकंद .

(२)    १  तास = ६० मिनिटे .

(३)    २४ तास  = १ दिवस .

(४)    पाव तास =१५ मिनिटे. 

(५)    अर्धा तास =३० मिनिटे. 

(६)     पाऊण तास= ४५ मिनिटे .

(७)     ७ दिवस = १ आठवडा.

(८)     ३० दिवस = १ महिना.

(९)     ३६५ दिवस =१ वर्ष .

(१०)   १० वर्ष = १ दशक .

(११)   अर्धा वर्ष = ६ महिने .

(१२)   पाव वर्षे = ३ महिने .

(१३)    १ वाजून ३० मिनिटे = दीड वाजतात.

(१४)    २ वाजून ३० मिनिटे = अडीच वाजतात .

(१५)    एकशे =१००

(१६)    अर्धाशे =५०

(१७)    पावशे =२५

(१८)    पाऊणशे =७५

(१९)    सव्वाशे =१२५ 

(२०)    दीडशे = १५०

(२१)    अडीचशे =२५०

(२२)    साडेतीनशे =३५०

(२३)    १डझन=  १२ वस्तू 

(२४)    अर्धा डझन =६ वस्तू  .

(२५)    पाव डझन=३ वस्तू

(२६)    पाऊण डझन=९ वस्तू 

(२७)    २४ कागद = १ दस्ता

(२८)    २० दस्ते=१ रीम

(२९)    ४८० कागद = १  रीम

(३०)   १ गुंठे=  १०८९ चौ .मी

(३१)    १ हेक्टर =१०० आर

३२ )    १एकर= ४००० चौ .मी 

(३३)   १मीटर= १०० सेंटिमीटर 

(३४)    अर्धा  मीटर= ५० सेंटिमीटर 

(३५)    पाव मीटर = २५ सेंटिमीटर 

(३६)    पाऊण मीटर =७५ सेंटिमीटर 

(३७)   १ लीटर = १००० मिलिलीटर

(३८)   अर्धा  लीटर= ५०० मिलिलीटर

(३९)    पाव लीटर = २५० मिलिलीटर

(४०)    पाऊण लीटर = ७५० मिलिलीटर

(४१)    १ किलोग्रॅम = १०००  ग्रॅम

(४२)    अर्धा  किलोग्रॅम=५०० ग्रँम 

(४३)    पाव किलोग्रॅम=२५० ग्रँम

(४४)    पाऊण किलोग्रॅम = 750 ग्रँम

(४५)    १ किलोमीटर = १००० मीटर

(४६)    अर्धा  किलोमीटर  =५०० मीटर 

(४७)    पाव  किलोमीटर =२५० मीटर

(४८)    पाऊण किलोमीटर =७५० मीटर 

(४९)   १हजार=१०००

(५०)   अर्धा  हजार =५००

(५१)   पाव हजार =२५०

(५२)   पाऊण हजार  =७५०

(५३)   १२ इंच =१ फूट  

(५४)   ३ फूट =१ यार्ड

(५५)   १ मैल =५२८० फूट 

(५६)   १ क्विंटल =१००किलोग्रॅम 

(५७)   अर्धा  क्विंटल =५० किलोग्रॅम 

(५८)   पाव क्विंटल =२५ किलोग्रॅम 

(५९)   पाऊण क्विंटल = ७५ किलोग्रॅम 

(६0)   १ टन= १० क्विंटल

शिक्षक मित्र समूह ✒

🎯वर्तुळ -

त्रिज्या(R)- वर्तुळाच्या केंद्रबिंदूतून निघून परिघाला जाऊन मिळणार्‍या रेषाखंडाला वर्तुळाची त्रिज्या म्हणतात. 

वर्तुळाच्या व्यास (D) – केंद्रबिंदूतून निघून जाणार्‍या व वर्तुळाच्या परिघावरील दोन बिंदुना जोडणार्याह रेषाखंडास वर्तुळाचा व्यास म्हणतात. 

वर्तुळाचा व्यास हा त्या वर्तुळाचा त्रिज्येचा (R च्या) दुप्पट असतो. 

जीवा – वर्तुळाच्या परिघावरील कोणत्याही दोन बिंदूंना जोडणार्‍या रेषाखंडाला वर्तुळाची जीवा म्हणतात.

व्यास म्हणजे वर्तुळाची सर्वात मोठी जीवा होय. 

वर्तुळाचा व्यास हा त्रिजेच्या दुप्पट व परीघाच्या 7/12 पट असतो. 

वर्तुळाचा परीघ हा त्रिजेच्या 44/7 पट व व्यासाच्या 22/7 पट असतो. 

वर्तुळाचा परीघ व व्यासातील फरक = 22/7 D-D = 15/7 D 

अर्धवर्तुळाची परिमिती = 11/7 D+D (D=व्यास) किंवा D = वर्तुळाचा व्यास, त्रिज्या (r) × 36/7 

अर्धवर्तुळाची त्रिज्या = परिमिती × 7/36 

वर्तुळाचे क्षेत्रफळ = π × (त्रिज्या)2 = πr2 (π=22/7 अथवा 3.14)

वर्तुळाची त्रिज्या = √क्षेत्रफळ×7/22   

वर्तुळाची त्रिज्या = (परीघ-व्यास) × 7/30 

अर्धवर्तुळाचे क्षेत्रफळ = π×r2/2 किंवा 11/7 × r2 

अर्धवर्तुळाची त्रिज्या = √(अर्धवर्तुळाचे ×7/11) किंवा परिमिती × 7/36 

दोन वर्तुळांच्या त्रिज्यांचे गुणोत्तर = त्या वर्तुळांच्या परिघांचे गुणोत्तर. 

दोन वर्तुळांच्या क्षेत्रफळांचे गुणोत्तर हे त्या वर्तुळांच्या त्रिज्यांच्या गुणोत्तराच्या किंवा त्या वर्तुळांच्या परिघांच्या गुणोत्तराच्या वर्गाच्या पटीत असते. वर्तुळाची त्रिज्या दुप्पट केल्यास क्षेत्रफळ चौपट येते. 

वर्तुळाचे क्षेत्रफळ व परीघ -



घनफळ -

इष्टीकचितीचे घनफळ = लांबी × रुंदी × उंची = (l×b×h)

काटकोनी चितीचे घनफळ = पायाचे क्षेत्रफळ × उंची 

गोलाचे घनफळ = 4/3 π×r3 (r=त्रिज्या)

गोलाचे पृष्ठफळ = 4π×r2     

घनचितीचे घनफळ = (बाजू)3= (l)3

घनचितीची बाजू = ∛घनफळ

घनाची बाजू दुप्पट केल्यास घनफळ 8 पट, बाजू चौपट केल्यास घनफळ पटीत वाढत जाते, म्हणजेच 64 पट होते आणि ते बाजूच्या पटीत कमी अथवा वाढत जाते. 

घनाचे पृष्ठफळ = 6 (बाजू)2 

वृत्तचितीचे (दंडगोलाचे) घनफळ = π×r2×h 

वृत्तचितीची उंची (h) = (घनफळ/22)/7×r2 = घनफळ×7/22×r2 

वृत्तचितीचे त्रिज्या (r) = (√घनफळ/22)/7×r2 = √घनफळ×(7/22)/h 

इतर भौमितिक सूत्रे -

समांतर भूज चौकोनाचे क्षेत्रफळ = पाया×उंची 

समभुज चौकोनाचे क्षेत्रफळ = 1/2×कर्णाचा गुणाकार 

सुसम षटकोनाचे क्षेत्रफळ = (3√3)/2×(बाजू)2

वर्तुळ पाकळीचे क्षेत्रफळ = वर्तुळ कंसाची लांबी × r/2 किंवा θ/360×πr2

वर्तुळ कंसाची लांबी (I) = θ/180×πr

घनाकृतीच्या सर्व पृष्ठांचे क्षेत्रफळ = 6×(बाजू)2

दंडगोलाच्या वक्रपृष्ठाचे क्षेत्रफळ = 2×πrh 

अर्धगोलाच्या वर्कपृष्ठाचे क्षेत्रफळ = 3πr2

अर्धगोलाचे घनफळ = 2/3πr3

त्रिकोणाचे क्षेत्रफळ = √(s(s-a)(s-b)(s-c) )

शंकूचे घनफळ = 1/3 πr3h  

समभुज त्रिकोणाचे क्षेत्रफळ = √3/4×(बाजू)2

दंडगोलाचे एकूण पृष्ठफळ = 2πr(r+h) 

अर्धगोलाचे एकूण पृष्ठफळ = 2πr2 

(S = 1/2 (a+b+c) = अर्ध परिमिती)  

वक्रपृष्ठ = πrl

शंकूचे एकूण पृष्ठफळ = πr2 + π r (r+l) r= त्रिज्या, l= वर्तुळ कंसाची लांबी 

बहुभुजाकृती -

n बाजू असलेल्या बहुभुजाकृतीच्या सर्व आंतरकोनांच्या मापांची बेरीज (2n-4) काटकोन असते, म्हणजेच 180(n-2)0 किंवा [90×(2n-4)]0 असते.

सुसम बहुभुजाकृतीचे सर्व कोन एकरूप असतात व सर्व बाजू एकरूप असतात.

बहुभुजाकृतीच्या बाह्य कोनांच्या मापांची 3600 म्हणजेच 4 काटकोन असते. 

n बाजू असलेल्या सुसम बहुभुजाकृतीच्या प्रत्येक बहयकोनाचे माप हे 3600/n असते. 

सुसम बहुभुजाकृतीच्या बाजूंची संख्या = 3600/बाहयकोनाचे माप 

बहुभुजाकृतीच्या कर्णाची एकूण संख्या = n(n-3)/2 

उदा. सुसम षटकोनाचे एकूण कर्ण = 6(6-3)/2 = 6×3/2 = 9

तास, मिनिटे, सेकंद यांचे दशांश अपूर्णांकांत रूपांतर -

1 तास = 60 मिनिटे     

0.1 तास = 6 मिनिटे   

0.01 तास = 0.6 मिनिटे

1 तास = 3600 सेकंद     

0.01 तास = 36 सेकंद   

1 मिनिट = 60 सेकंद     

0.1 मिनिट = 6 सेकंद 

1 दिवस = 24 तास

              = 24 × 60

              =1440 मिनिटे  

              = 1440 × 60

              = 86400 सेकंद

घडयाळाच्या काटयांतील अंशात्मक अंतर -

घड्याळातील लगतच्या दोन अंकांतील अंशात्मक अंतर 300 असते. 

दर 1 मिनिटाला मिनिट काटा 60 ने पुढे सरकतो. 

दर 1 मिनिटाला तास काटा (1/2)0 पुढे सरकतो. म्हणजेच 15 मिनिटात तास काटा (7.5)0 ने पुढे सरकतो.

तास काटा व मिनिट काटा यांच्या वेगतील फरक = 6 –(1/0)0 = 5(1/2) = (11/2)0 म्हणजेच मिनिटकाट्यास 10 भरून काढण्यास (2/11) मिनिटे लागतात. 

 दशमान परिमाणे -

विविध परिमाणांत एकमेकांचे रूपांतर करताना खालील तक्ता लक्षात ठेवा.

100 कि.ग्रॅ. = 1 क्विंटल 

10 क्विंटल = 1 टन  

   1 टन = 1000 कि.ग्रॅ. 

1000 घनसेंमी = 1 लिटर  

1 क्युसेक=1000घन लि.   

12 वस्तू = 1 डझन  

   12 डझन = 1 ग्रोस   

     24 कागद = 1 दस्ता 

20 दस्ते = 1 रीम   

 1 रीम = 480 कागद. 

विविध परिमाणे व त्यांचा परस्पर संबंध -

अ) अंतर –

1 इंच = 25.4 मि.मि. = 2.54 से.मी.

1 से.मी. = 0.394 इंच 

1 फुट = 30.5 सेमी.  

1 मी = 3.25 फुट

1 यार्ड = 0.194 मी.

           1 मी = 1.09 यार्ड

ब) क्षेत्रफळ -    

1 स्व्के. इंच = 6.45 सेमी 2

1 सेमी 2 = 0.155 इंच 2

1 एकर = 0.405 हेक्टर

1 हेक्टर = 2.47 एकर = 100 आर/गुंठे

1 स्व्के. मैल = 2.59 कि.मी. 2

1 एकर फुट = 1230 मी. 3 = 1.23 मैल 

1 कि.मी. 2 = 0.386 स्व्के.मैल1 गॅलन = 4.55 लिटर 

क) शक्ती -    

1 एच.पी. = 0.746 किलो वॅट

1 किलो वॅट = 1.34 एच.पी. 

ड) घनफळ -    1(इंच) 3 = 16.4 सेमी. 2

1 (सेमी) 3 = 0.610 (इंच) 3 

क्युबिक फुट (1 फुट) 3 = 0.283 मी. 3

1 मी 3 = 35 फुट 3 

1 यार्ड 3 = 0.765 मी. 3 

इ) वजन -    

1 ग्रॅम = 0.0353 औंस (Oz) 0

1 पौंड (lb) = 454 ग्रॅम

1 कि.ग्रॅ. = 2.0 पौंड (lb) 

वय व संख्या -

दोन संख्यांपैकी मोठी संख्या = (दोन संख्यांची बेरीज + दोन संख्यातील फरक) ÷ 2

लहान संख्या = (दोन संख्यांची बेरीज – दोन संख्यांतील फरक) ÷ 2

वय वाढले तरी दिलेल्या दोघांच्या वयातील फरक तेवढाच राहतो. 

दिनदर्शिका –

एकाच वारी येणारे वर्षातील महत्वाचे दिवस 

महाराष्ट्र दिन, गांधी जयंती आणि नाताळ हे दिवस एकाच वारी येतात. 

टिळक पुण्यतिथी, स्वातंत्र्यदिन, शिक्षक दिन, बाल दिन हे दिवस एकाच वारी येतात. 



नाणी -

एकूण नाणी = एकूण रक्कम × 100 / दिलेल्या नाण्यांच्या पैशांची बेरीज 

एकूण नोटा = पुडक्यातील शेवटच्या नोटचा क्रमांक – पहिल्या नोटेचा क्रमांक + 1 

पदावली -

पदावली सोडविताना कंस, चे, भागाकार, गुणाकार, बेरीज, वजाबाकी (÷, ×, +, -)

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